Delta Airline Case - 1312 Words

Summary of Case In the case study changing Dynamics of the U.S. Airline industry were discuss and dealt with. Between 2001 and 2005, Delta Airlines, the third largest U.S. Airline, lost $10 billion. Delta wanted to increase its liquidity so they decided to sell its subsidiary Atlantic Southeast Airlines to Sky West Airline for $425 million in August 2005. Analysts believed that Delta was on the merge of bankruptcy. The Civil Aeronautics Board 9cab) imposed major restriction on marketing entry and market access. There were regulation on rates, routes and services that reduce amount of competition among industry participants. The Airline deregulation act was passed in 1978. It provided the airlines with freedom to decide their routes and†¦show more content†¦They also face competition at their hub airports in Atlanta, Cincinnati, Detroit, Memphis, Minneapolis/St. Paul, New York-JFK, Salt Lake City, Amsterdam and Tokyo-Narita. The airline also has competition in smaller to medi um-sized markets from regional jet operators. They faces problem with foreign carriers, both on interior U.S. routes and international markets. The company fares and rates vary by significant price competition. They set ticket prices in most domestic and international city pairs without governmental regulation. Prices and rates are subject to the jurisdiction of the DOT and the government of the foreign countries involved. Most of their tickets are sold by travel agents therefore fares are subject to commissions, overrides and discounts paid to travel agents, brokers and wholesalers. Delta is considered to be one of the largest airlines in the United States, capturing approximately 17.5% of domestic commercial airline market. The market shared is measured in terms of domestic revenue passenger miles. â€Å"Delta s operating revenue on a GAAP (2) basis grew 27% to $7 billion in the June 2009 quarter compared to the prior year period as a result of its merger with Northwest Airlines. On a combined basis (3), total operating revenue declined $2.1 billion, or 23%, and total unit revenue (RASM) declined 17%.† (Delta, 2009). Northwest’s operations for the period from October 30 to December 31, 2008, increase their operating revenue $2.0Show MoreRelatedMis Delta Airlines Case1076 Words   |  5 PagesMIS Assignment CASE 3# Ans1.-The use of new technology, such as internet e-check-in and self-service kiosks, allows the processing of a significant number of passengers to be decentralized from the airport itself. This allows a better use of airport staff resources and reduces bottlenecks while, more significantly, allowing more departing passengers to be processed. Frequent flyers and business flyers who tend to travel with little luggage and appreciate any time-saving measures are currentlyRead MoreDelta and Singapore Airlines Case:975 Words   |  4 Pages1. a. Delta Airlines Depreciation Method Depreciation Method Salvage Value For every $100 mil Depreciated Annual Depreciation Prior to 1986 Straight-line, 10 years 10% 100-(.1*100)=90 90/10=9 $9 mil 1968 – 1993 Straight-line, 15 years 10% 100-(.1*100)=90 90/15=6 $6 mil After 1993 Straight-line, 20 years 5% 100-(.05*100)=95 95/20=4.75 $4.75 mil b. Singapore Airlines Depreciation Method Depreciation Method Salvage Value For every $100 mil Depreciated Annual Depreciation Prior to 1989 Straight-lineRead MoreDelta Airlines Case Study1729 Words   |  7 PagesDelta Air lines is the second largest airline in the American aviation industry. With its headquarters in Atlanta, Georgia, the airline operates approximately 5,766 flights daily. Additionally, the organization offers 572 domestic and international flights, which are spread across 65 countries on six continents. As a strategic management consultant I would need to provide Delta Airline’s management team with feasible recommendations; the problems encountered by the Delta Airline management will beRead MoreCase Study : Delta And Virgin Airlines Essay1528 Words   |  7 Pagesreview the case study of Delta Airlines which was suffering like all its competitors with rising fuel costs which averaged anywhere between 30 to 50 percent of its total operating costs. This paper will answer six questions which will help identify what the company did to handle the high cost of fuel. The questions that I will answer will include the following. 1. What drives the basic economies of the airline industry? The refining industry? 2. How is Delta different from other airlines? 3. Read MoreDelta Airlines Case Analysis1154 Words   |  5 Pages The entire US airline business is facing the challenge of operating within a low-margin, high-fixed-cost environment. Its profitability is particularly sensitive to decreases in volume, either from environmental factors or from competition. Moreover, the airline business is labor-intensive. Labor costs as a percentage of revenues ranges from a low of about 25 percent for the low-fare airlines to almost 50 percent for the large, full-service airlines such as United. Delta Airline is the third largestRead MoreDelta Airlines Case Study Mt Added1524 Words   |  7 Pages   Case  27 ­Ã‚  Delta  Air  Lines  (2012):  Navigating  an  Uncertain  Environment      FOF  #1:  Differentiation   In  order  to  compete  in  a  price ­sensitive  industry,  Delta  Air  Lines  needs  to  focus  on   differentiating  itself  from  competitors.  By  doing  this,  Delta  is  creating  sustainability  through   customer  retention  and  loyalty.  To  set  itself  apart  from  competitors  like  United  Airlines  and   American  Airlines,  Delta  needs  to  implement  a  program  to  improve  customer  service.  Ã‚   Because  of  Delta’s  poor  service  reputationRead MoreDepreciation at Delta Singapore Airlines1393 Words   |  6 PagesFinancial Accounting Depreciation at Delta Airlines Singapore Airlines (Solution to Case #2) 24th November, 2009 1. Calculate the annual depreciation expense that Delta and Singapore would record for each $100 gross value of aircraft. a. Delta: i. Prior to July 1, 1986 the Delta airline assets were depreciated using Straight Line Method at 10% for 10 years for a salvage value of 10%. Depreciation Expense = (Cost of Asset – Salvage Value) / number of year Read MoreDoes Delta Airlines And Southwest Airlines Have The Same Average Flight Times For Their Routes?1137 Words   |  5 PagesDoes Delta Airlines and Southwest Airlines have the same average flight times for their routes? Introduction The research question of interest is, does Delta Airlines and Southwest Airlines have the same average flight times for their routes? The expected findings is that the average flight times between the two airlines for their routes would be the same. The rationale is that with both airlines servicing domestic and international flights their average flight times should be comparable. PopulationRead MoreCompeting Through Alliances in the Airline Industry: the Air France- Klm/Delta Air Lines Joint Venture1266 Words   |  6 Pagesalliances in the airline industry: The AIR FRANCE- KLM/DELTA AIR LINES JOINT VENTURE In less than twenty years, the global industry has gone through tremendous change. Several airlines had gone out of business that had been on top of the industry for years. One of the remarkable changes had been airline alliances. The case focuses on the airline industry and how airlines are forming alliances and joint ventures. It then introduces the partner firms Air France KLM , and Delta . Air France KLM hadRead MoreMarketing Mix On Song Delta Airline Essay1291 Words   |  6 PagesQ. 4 âž ¢ Objective: Delta’s aim is to compete with low cost airlines in market with a good customer service facilities and relentless effort to make delta airline number one airline service provider. Marketing Mix on song delta airline: Product: They make strategies to beat rival companies by reducing costs and increasing the volume of the plane size (bigger planes)so the seats increased and the proper use of the resources (planes, employees, gate space). Price: They are giving cheapest fare

Bill Clinton and Integrity - 1689 Words

Definition of Integrity  · Since this paper deals with the idea of integrity in leadership, it is useful to start this paper defining integrity. Websters dictionary defines integrity as uncompromising adherence to a code of moral, artistic or other values; utter sincerity, honesty and candor, avoidance of deception, expediency, or shallowness of any kind Let us exam this definition a bit deeper. The first part of the definition talks of uncompromising adherence. This means that one would always choose the right path, regardless of what seems to be more appealing. Take the example of when and when not to lie. A person of integrity would always tell the truth regardless of the situation. The second part of the definition deals with what†¦show more content†¦The problem was that the constituents did not agree and this cost him in the long term. These two examples show why integrity is relevant in leadership. The constituents usually can choose their leader, and the is another area where integrity is relevant. If a group does not approve of their leader they will not want to be led, thus making the leader ineffective. As one decides whether to be led by a person, we look at the persons morals. If their values are closely related to our, we are more likely to let them lead us. If we do not agree with their moral standards, we are more apt to look elsewhere for leadership. Thus it can be concluded that the relevance of integrity pertaining to leadership deals mainly in the choice of the leader. Good versus Effective Leader  · Is a good leader an effective? Is an effective leader good? There is a very simple answer to these two questions and that answer is not necessarily. For purposes of this draft a good leader will be defined as a leader with integrity, and an effective leader is a leader that gets results. A good leader can be effective. Martin Luther King, Jr. was considered a good leader, and he was effective. However a good leader can also be very ineffective, and more times than not this is the case. When looking into American history we can use former U.S. President Jimmy Carter as an example. To most, Jimmy Carter is considered a person of high integrity. In the post-Watergate fallout Carter was seen asShow MoreRelatedRhetorical Analysis Of Bill Clintons I Have Sinned Speech718 Words   |  3 PagesBill Clintons I Have Sinned speech effectively engaged the audience, in which most ended up forgiving him for his sinning. With the help of ethos,pathos, and logos Bill Clinton could easily touch with the audience on a personal level through pathos. He already gained their attention as being the president of the United States with ethos, and he used logos though the Bible. All of these led to America forgiving Bill Clinton for cheating on his wife and lying about it. This is a huge thing to beRead MoreBill Clinton, A Good President?705 Words   |  3 PagesBill Clinton a good president? As we see throughout history many people ignorant to many accomplishments presidents have, and only remember them for their assassinations or their scandals. Bill Clinton to many people is viewed as bad president over his scandalous affair with Monica Lewinsky. However Clinton was deeply involved in his Baptist Church, and once said â€Å"Religious faith has permitted me to believe in the continuing possibility of becoming a better person every day, to believe inRead MoreWhy We Need Leaders of Integrity in Government Essay1579 Words   |  7 Pagesleaders whose goal is to serve the American people and keep their integrity, even when they think no one is looking. First we will look at what integrity means, then we will discuss how large of a problem not having integrity is, finally we will see why it is a problem and what can be done about it. First let’s discuss what integrity is and why it is important. The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language defines integrity as, â€Å"1. Rigid adherence to a code of behavior; propriety. 2. TheRead More Integrity in Leadership Essay1644 Words   |  7 PagesDefinition of Integrity  ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Since this paper deals with the idea of integrity in leadership, it is useful to start this paper defining integrity. Websters dictionary defines integrity as uncompromising adherence to a code of moral, artistic or other values; utter sincerity, honesty and candor, avoidance of deception, expediency, or shallowness of any kind Let us exam this definition a bit deeper. The first part of the definition talks of uncompromising adherence. This means that one wouldRead MoreEssay on Bill Clinton: A Life of Controversy1396 Words   |  6 Pages Clinton impressed people with the idea of a family man in office. He was focused and charismatic. Better economy was what the American people wanted so that is what his goal was. During his reign he went through more scandals and controversies than any other president. He was impeached, yet despite all, he was loved by America. Our economy prospered and we had better diplomatic relations. The American people wanted change fo r the better and so they elected William Jefferson Clinton for their forty-secondRead MoreLets Keep Personal, Personal: Scandal ´s of Bill Clinton and John F. Kennedy1020 Words   |  5 PagesAmerica loves a scandal. After all, what do most people think of when this question is brought up: What does Bill Clinton and John F. Kennedy have in common, besides the fact that they were both Presidents of The United States of America? They are men who excelled in their job yet both had a blemish on their previously near perfect reputation that society viewed as a letdown. Both men had scandals that involved women; Monica Lewinsky and Marilyn Monroe. I strongly believe that society judging theRead MoreBill Clinton Dnc Speech999 Words   |  4 PagesBill Clinton 2012 Democratic National Convention Speech As first stated by the ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle, the art of rhetoric in persuasive speaking is based upon the usage of the three key components, logos, ethos and pathos. Logos representing the usage of logic and reasoning within the speech or text, ethos representing the writer or speaker’s credibility and pathos representing how the speaker or author establishes an emotional connection with the audience. In former president BillRead MoreEssay about Transformation of the Irs642 Words   |  3 Pagesanalysis of the recent transformation that has taken place within the Internal Revenue Service. Their report consisted of a brief synopsis of the problems that the IRS was facing in the late 1980s and 1990s and the solutions that were adopted during the Clinton administration to solve them. By global comparison, the IRS has been extremely effective at the business of collecting taxes. As reported by our authors, the collection of taxes by means of voluntary compliers was at 85% as compared to a single digitRead Morebill clinton I have sinned Essay examples1527 Words   |  7 Pagesmy script and do what I want. - Monica Lewinsky According to CNN, Lewinsky and Clinton began their sexual relationship in November of 1995, two years before this tape was allegedly recorded. Thesis Its been more than a decade since the reported affair between White House intern Monica Lewinsky and then-President Bill Clinton shocked Americans. Credibility Relevance Preview President Bill Clinton addressed the issue of having a sexual relationship with a woman named Monica LewinskyRead More President Bill Clinton and The Lewinsky Scandal Essay3524 Words   |  15 PagesClinton and The Lewinsky Scandal On January 17th, 1998, President Clinton videotaped a deposition for the Paula Jones lawsuit against him. December 19th, eleven months later, Bill Clinton became only the second president in our nation’s history to face impeachment from congress. The 1998-1999 was a tumultuous year for the President, the media, and the American people as a whole. Yet, the most intriguing and surprising aspect of the scandal was not that Bill Clinton would ever cheat on

The Compromise Of 1850 Free Essays

At the close of the Mexican War, in 1848, the United States owned a lot of territory without local government (all the land now included in New Mexico, Arizona, and California was then unsettled). Then in 1848 gold was found in California. Thousands of people joined the gold rush and in a few months about 80,000 of them had settled in California to hunt for gold. We will write a custom essay sample on The Compromise Of 1850 or any similar topic only for you Order Now To keep control of these settlements, an government was needed, so California asked to be admitted to the Union as a free state, but the South would not allow this, the North was also not going to allow California into the Union as a slave state, so Senator Henry Clay decided that he would make a compromise both sides could live with, he said each side should give in to something the other side wanted. Eventually after Clay s Omnibus Bill failed to pass, five separate acts were passed. These acts would become known as the Compromise of 1850. Basically, the North should allow New Mexico and Utah to organize as territories with popular sovereignty and give the South a stronger fugitive slave law. The South should accept California as a free state and allow the end of slave trade in Washington DC. For most of 1850, Congress debated. Clay had the support of the North, including Stephen Douglas and Daniel Webster. In Webster’s famous Seventh of March speech, he declared that slave labor could never be profitable in New Mexico and that the North would lose nothing by granting this concession. He felt that it was not necessary to bar slavery by law of Congress; it was already excluded by â€Å"the law of nature. † The North was opposed by the Southern states, led by John C. Calhoun, who at the time was dying and was so sick that his speeches had to be read by someone else. The Compromise of 1850. There were five parts to the Compromise of 1850. The first was the Texas-New Mexico Act. It was the most important of the five. It made New Mexico a territory, gave some of Texas (the Santa Fe region) to New Mexico, and allowed for popular sovereignty there. This bill was passed on September 9, 1850. The second part allowed California into the Union as a free state. This bill was also passed on September 9, 1850. The third part was the Utah Act, which was also passed on September 9, 1850. It made Utah a territory and allowed popular sovereignty to decide the slavery issue. On September 18, the New Fugitive Slave Act was passed, forcing all law enforcement officers in the North and South, to help return fugitive slaves. There were penalties for helping fugitive slaves. The last act passed on September 20, abolishes slave trade in Washington DC. Clay had intended to give each act separately to Congress and had only made the Omnibus Bill (combining all of the acts into one bill) because he wanted to make sure there would be no veto by President Taylor. The Omnibus Bill could not make it passed Congress because the Northerners wouldn t accept the Fugitive Slave Act, or allow for popular sovereignty, and the Southerners wouldn t allow California in as a free state or allow the size of Texas to be reduced. After the Omnibus Bill failed, Clay went on vacation in Newport, Rhode Island and Stephen Douglas took over control of the compromise. When Douglas broke up Clay s plan into five separate bills, all of them passed. Although Clay originally wrote the acts, it was really Douglas, not Clay, who made the laws acceptable to both sides. The different parts needed different areas of the United States to give in. Northerners from both parties, and Whigs from boarder states approved the admission of California, the abolition of the slave trade in Washington, and the adjustment of the Texas boarder. Southerners and Northern Democrats passed the Fugitive Slave Law and organized Utah and New Mexico without restrictions on slavery (Brown, 192-193). Neither side really gave in, but people hoped it would end the dispute on slavery. Northern Reactions. The North had not paid much attention to the Fugitive Slave Act when it was being put through Congress. Their main concern had been the admission of California, popular sovereignty, and the Texas boarder. But when the Northerners heard about the new things they would have to do to prevent runaway slaves from escaping, they were very angry. It created resistance and as a result Harriet Beecher Stowe wrote Uncle Tom s Cabin. When Fillmore became president the government began to put down local resistance to the Fugitive Slave Law. Controversy also declined because the number of African Americans returned to the South fell by two-thirds in the second year under the law, in part because so many blacks had resettled in Canada. The Free Soil Party, which had received about 10 percent of the vote in the presidential election of 1848, received only about half as much in 1852 (Brown, 193). Southern Reactions. The Southern reaction was not as well known, but it was more dangerous to the Union. The radicals in the south held the Nashville Convention in June of 1850 decided to meet after the compromise to discuss policy, but in November of 1850 when they met the second time, only a few people attended. Unionists still had a lot of control in the South. The governors in Georgia and Mississippi were Unionists, and fourteen of the nineteen congressmen from Georgia, Mississippi, and Alabama were Unionists. Even in South Carolina (the state that had the strongest disunionist population) the voters voted to stay in the union by a large amount. Some states accepted the Georgia Platform of 1850, saying that they would give resistance and secede if Congress made more Antislavery Acts. The compromise also left political parties fighting one another. The Southern Whigs were separated from the rest of the Whigs because the Northern Whigs led the fight against slavery in the Mexican cession and controlled Whig president Zachary Taylor. Repairing the intersectional bonds of party politics would be crucial to cementing loyalty to the Union (Brown, 193). How to cite The Compromise Of 1850, Essay examples

Amalgam for Dental Fillings A Public Concern

Question: Prepare a report on an issue or area of public concern related to the care profession. What I have chosen is AMALGAM. Amalgam is an alloy of mercury with another metal, especially one used for dental fillings? Answer: Introduction Dental amalgam is a combination made out of a blend of roughly equivalent amounts of natural fluid mercury and a compound powder. The main utilization of amalgam was recorded in the Chinese writing and throughout the previous 150 years, amalgam has been the most prevalent and viable remedial material utilized as a part of dentistry. The prevalence of amalgam emerges from its astounding long haul execution, convenience and minimal effort. Amid the previous 20 years, then again, the utilization of amalgam has been declining, to a great extent because of the diminishing occurrence of dental caries, more successive utilization of crowns and the accessibility of tooth-shaded option remedial materials for specific applications (Daniels, Rowland, Longnecker, Crawford, Golding 2007). In spite of the long history and prevalence of dental amalgam as a remedial material, there have been occasional concerns in regards to the potential unfavourable wellbeing impacts emerging from introduction to mercury in amalgam. This study aims to describe the importance of dental fillings as an issue or area of public concern and discuss about the different viewpoints regarding the issue of public concern related to dental fillings. Its impact on the methods of working and service provision is also discussed. The toxicity aspect of mercury used in amalgamation for dental fillings is a major concern that affects the health and social care of children and young people. Description of issue Numerous studies on the security of amalgam fillings have been conducted. In 2009, the U.S. Nourishment and Drug Administration (FDA) assessed this exploration. Mercury is utilized as a part of amalgam in light of the fact that it makes the filling material flexible. When it is blended with a combination powder, it makes an aggravate that is sufficiently delicate to blend and press into the tooth. Be that as it may, it additionally solidifies rapidly and can withstand the powers of gnawing and biting. The compound type of mercury, in this way, decides its toxicological profile (Bellinger, Trachtenberg, Zhang, Tavares, Daniel, McKinlay 2008). The toxicological impacts of different types of mercury have been all around archived and examined, fundamentally in populaces with over the top word related or ecological exposures. The issue of mercury and dental amalgam in dentistry determines around the suggestion that mercury draining out of dental amalgam fillings may adversely affect wellbeing. At high dosages mercury is perceived as a neurotoxin fit for delivering an assortment of neurobehavioral impacts. Over late years investigations of people presented to mercury in an assortment of word related settings have proposed the likelihood of unpretentious impacts happening at considerably lower levels of presentation. In spite of the evident consistency of these discoveries the individual studies are extremely variable as far as the quality of the conclusions that can be drawn from them. There is likewise significant vulnerability about the importance of the deliberate impacts and the degree to which they can be ascribed to mercury instead of to different qualities of the people included (Barregard, Trachtenberg, McKinlay 2008). Mercury vapours leaks continuously from the dental fillings and they are ingested which has raised a serious concern among the dental patients. Moreover, amalgam fillings are opaque and restrict x-rays from detecting a cavity underneath. Considering all these hazardous effects of mercury, people are refraining themselves from opting amalgam as an option for dental fillings. During a study report published in FDA Consumer in 1993, 50% of Americans referred mercury as a factor for causing health problems. Some people in in 2002 initiated a class action lawsuit against the New York Dental Association, ADA, and the Fifth District Dental Society for not informing them about the presence of mercury in the dental amalgams. The use of dental amalgams has reduced in the past few years. Recent studies done on the dental amalgams have a great impact on public opinion about the use of mercury based dental fillings. People are not only seeking alternatives for dental amalgams, but the patients wh o already have the amalgam fillings are choosing to get them removed. (Ziskind, Venezia, Kreisman, Mass, 2003). The studies have shown that the mercury in the dental fillings not only affects the patients but the dentists also. Dental personnel are found to have high mercury levels in their body. Mercury accumulates in their tissues as they are exposed to mercury vapours (Bates, 2004). Therefore, dentists are turning towards more up-to-date techniques such as composite resin fillings. The elimination of mercury would help in ensuring a safe dental filling without the risk of toxicity in the patients. It would also prevent them from chronic exposure to the mercury vapours and all the hazardous effects caused by them. This will improve the quality of the service provided by dental officials. However, the alternatives for dental amalgams such as composite resin fillings have their own limitation and cannot be used frequently. Thus, the dentists are still struggling to find a safe and promising alternative. (Hujoel, Lydon-Rochelle, Bollen, Woods, Geurtsen, del Aguila 2005). Instead of speaking to a prompt and obvious danger to general wellbeing, the issue of the general wellbeing importance of dental amalgam reclamations rotates, along these lines, around the security edge between the levels of mercury to which people are liable to be uncovered from dental amalgam rebuilding efforts and the levels at which conceivable pernicious impacts can be recognized. Some proof exists that under specific situations (especially those with various dental amalgam rebuilding efforts) this wellbeing edge is not exactly the 100-fold edge that is alluring. Be that as it may, the wellbeing edge is additionally considerably bigger than exists for some other ecological exposures (especially lead) (Lauterbach, Martins, Castro-Caldas, Bernardo, Luis, Amaral, et al. 2008). Conclusion Dental amalgam keeps on being a helpful direct restorative material. While low levels of mercury are discharged and ingested from dental amalgams, there is no persuading confirmation regarding unfriendly wellbeing impacts at these levels except for uncommon instances of contact excessive touchiness. On the other hand, overall population and natural wellbeing standards manage that where conceivable presentation to mercury from dental amalgams is lessened where a protected and down to earth option exists. This turns out to be more reasonable in unique populaces, including kids, ladies in pregnancy and persons with existing kidney malady. A danger appraisal be embraced keeping in mind the end goal to build up the security edges between current admission of mercury from dental amalgam and levels at which unfavourable wellbeing impacts are likely. This danger appraisal ought to include a basic assessment of studies exhibiting unfavourable impacts of introduction to low levels of mercury. Estimation of the presentation to mercury under different situations with evolving age, eating regimen and quantities of restored tooth surfaces (Palkovicova, Ursinyova, Masanova, Yu, Hertz-Picciotto 2008). References Barregard, L, Trachtenberg, F, McKinlay, S. (2008). Renal effects of dental amalgam in children: the New England children's amalgam trial.Environmental Health Perspective, vol. 116, pp. 394399. Bellinger, DC, Trachtenberg, F, Zhang, A, Tavares, M, Daniel, D, McKinlay, S. (2008). Dental amalgam and psychosocial status: the New England Children's Amalgam Trial.Journal of Dental Research, vol. 87, pp. 470474. Daniels, JL, Rowland, AS, Longnecker, MP, Crawford, P, Golding, J. (2007). ALSPAC Study Team. Maternal dental history, child's birth outcome and early cognitive development.Paediatric Perinatal Epidemiology, vol. 21, pp. 448457. Hujoel, PP, Lydon-Rochelle, M, Bollen, AM, Woods, JS, Geurtsen, W, del Aguila, MA. (2005). Mercury exposure from dental filling placement during pregnancy and low birth weight risk.American Journal of Epidemiology, vol. 161, 734740. Lauterbach, M, Martins, IP, Castro-Caldas, A, Bernardo, M, Luis, H, Amaral, H, et al. (2008). Neurological outcomes in children with and without amalgam-related mercury exposure: seven years of longitudinal observations in a randomized trial.Journal of American Dental Association,vol. 139, pp. 138145. Palkovicova, L, Ursinyova, M, Masanova, V, Yu, Z, Hertz-Picciotto, I. (2008). Maternal amalgam dental fillings as the source of mercury exposure in developing fetus and newborn.Journal of Exposure Science Environmental Epidemiology, vol. 18, pp. 326331. Bates, M. (2004). Health effects of dental amalgam exposure: a retrospective cohort study.International Journal of Epidemiology, 33(4), pp.894-902. Ziskind, D., Venezia, E., Kreisman, I. and Mass, E. (2003). Amalgam type, adhesive system, and storage period as influencing factors on microleakage of amalgam restorations.The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry, 90(3), pp.255-260.

Amalgam for Dental Fillings A Public Concern

Question: Prepare a report on an issue or area of public concern related to the care profession. What I have chosen is AMALGAM. Amalgam is an alloy of mercury with another metal, especially one used for dental fillings? Answer: Introduction Dental amalgam is a combination made out of a blend of roughly equivalent amounts of natural fluid mercury and a compound powder. The main utilization of amalgam was recorded in the Chinese writing and throughout the previous 150 years, amalgam has been the most prevalent and viable remedial material utilized as a part of dentistry. The prevalence of amalgam emerges from its astounding long haul execution, convenience and minimal effort. Amid the previous 20 years, then again, the utilization of amalgam has been declining, to a great extent because of the diminishing occurrence of dental caries, more successive utilization of crowns and the accessibility of tooth-shaded option remedial materials for specific applications (Daniels, Rowland, Longnecker, Crawford, Golding 2007). In spite of the long history and prevalence of dental amalgam as a remedial material, there have been occasional concerns in regards to the potential unfavourable wellbeing impacts emerging from introduction to mercury in amalgam. This study aims to describe the importance of dental fillings as an issue or area of public concern and discuss about the different viewpoints regarding the issue of public concern related to dental fillings. Its impact on the methods of working and service provision is also discussed. The toxicity aspect of mercury used in amalgamation for dental fillings is a major concern that affects the health and social care of children and young people. Description of issue Numerous studies on the security of amalgam fillings have been conducted. In 2009, the U.S. Nourishment and Drug Administration (FDA) assessed this exploration. Mercury is utilized as a part of amalgam in light of the fact that it makes the filling material flexible. When it is blended with a combination powder, it makes an aggravate that is sufficiently delicate to blend and press into the tooth. Be that as it may, it additionally solidifies rapidly and can withstand the powers of gnawing and biting. The compound type of mercury, in this way, decides its toxicological profile (Bellinger, Trachtenberg, Zhang, Tavares, Daniel, McKinlay 2008). The toxicological impacts of different types of mercury have been all around archived and examined, fundamentally in populaces with over the top word related or ecological exposures. The issue of mercury and dental amalgam in dentistry determines around the suggestion that mercury draining out of dental amalgam fillings may adversely affect wellbeing. At high dosages mercury is perceived as a neurotoxin fit for delivering an assortment of neurobehavioral impacts. Over late years investigations of people presented to mercury in an assortment of word related settings have proposed the likelihood of unpretentious impacts happening at considerably lower levels of presentation. In spite of the evident consistency of these discoveries the individual studies are extremely variable as far as the quality of the conclusions that can be drawn from them. There is likewise significant vulnerability about the importance of the deliberate impacts and the degree to which they can be ascribed to mercury instead of to different qualities of the people included (Barregard, Trachtenberg, McKinlay 2008). Mercury vapours leaks continuously from the dental fillings and they are ingested which has raised a serious concern among the dental patients. Moreover, amalgam fillings are opaque and restrict x-rays from detecting a cavity underneath. Considering all these hazardous effects of mercury, people are refraining themselves from opting amalgam as an option for dental fillings. During a study report published in FDA Consumer in 1993, 50% of Americans referred mercury as a factor for causing health problems. Some people in in 2002 initiated a class action lawsuit against the New York Dental Association, ADA, and the Fifth District Dental Society for not informing them about the presence of mercury in the dental amalgams. The use of dental amalgams has reduced in the past few years. Recent studies done on the dental amalgams have a great impact on public opinion about the use of mercury based dental fillings. People are not only seeking alternatives for dental amalgams, but the patients wh o already have the amalgam fillings are choosing to get them removed. (Ziskind, Venezia, Kreisman, Mass, 2003). The studies have shown that the mercury in the dental fillings not only affects the patients but the dentists also. Dental personnel are found to have high mercury levels in their body. Mercury accumulates in their tissues as they are exposed to mercury vapours (Bates, 2004). Therefore, dentists are turning towards more up-to-date techniques such as composite resin fillings. The elimination of mercury would help in ensuring a safe dental filling without the risk of toxicity in the patients. It would also prevent them from chronic exposure to the mercury vapours and all the hazardous effects caused by them. This will improve the quality of the service provided by dental officials. However, the alternatives for dental amalgams such as composite resin fillings have their own limitation and cannot be used frequently. Thus, the dentists are still struggling to find a safe and promising alternative. (Hujoel, Lydon-Rochelle, Bollen, Woods, Geurtsen, del Aguila 2005). Instead of speaking to a prompt and obvious danger to general wellbeing, the issue of the general wellbeing importance of dental amalgam reclamations rotates, along these lines, around the security edge between the levels of mercury to which people are liable to be uncovered from dental amalgam rebuilding efforts and the levels at which conceivable pernicious impacts can be recognized. Some proof exists that under specific situations (especially those with various dental amalgam rebuilding efforts) this wellbeing edge is not exactly the 100-fold edge that is alluring. Be that as it may, the wellbeing edge is additionally considerably bigger than exists for some other ecological exposures (especially lead) (Lauterbach, Martins, Castro-Caldas, Bernardo, Luis, Amaral, et al. 2008). Conclusion Dental amalgam keeps on being a helpful direct restorative material. While low levels of mercury are discharged and ingested from dental amalgams, there is no persuading confirmation regarding unfriendly wellbeing impacts at these levels except for uncommon instances of contact excessive touchiness. On the other hand, overall population and natural wellbeing standards manage that where conceivable presentation to mercury from dental amalgams is lessened where a protected and down to earth option exists. This turns out to be more reasonable in unique populaces, including kids, ladies in pregnancy and persons with existing kidney malady. A danger appraisal be embraced keeping in mind the end goal to build up the security edges between current admission of mercury from dental amalgam and levels at which unfavourable wellbeing impacts are likely. This danger appraisal ought to include a basic assessment of studies exhibiting unfavourable impacts of introduction to low levels of mercury. Estimation of the presentation to mercury under different situations with evolving age, eating regimen and quantities of restored tooth surfaces (Palkovicova, Ursinyova, Masanova, Yu, Hertz-Picciotto 2008). References Barregard, L, Trachtenberg, F, McKinlay, S. (2008). Renal effects of dental amalgam in children: the New England children's amalgam trial.Environmental Health Perspective, vol. 116, pp. 394399. Bellinger, DC, Trachtenberg, F, Zhang, A, Tavares, M, Daniel, D, McKinlay, S. (2008). Dental amalgam and psychosocial status: the New England Children's Amalgam Trial.Journal of Dental Research, vol. 87, pp. 470474. Daniels, JL, Rowland, AS, Longnecker, MP, Crawford, P, Golding, J. (2007). ALSPAC Study Team. Maternal dental history, child's birth outcome and early cognitive development.Paediatric Perinatal Epidemiology, vol. 21, pp. 448457. Hujoel, PP, Lydon-Rochelle, M, Bollen, AM, Woods, JS, Geurtsen, W, del Aguila, MA. (2005). Mercury exposure from dental filling placement during pregnancy and low birth weight risk.American Journal of Epidemiology, vol. 161, 734740. Lauterbach, M, Martins, IP, Castro-Caldas, A, Bernardo, M, Luis, H, Amaral, H, et al. (2008). Neurological outcomes in children with and without amalgam-related mercury exposure: seven years of longitudinal observations in a randomized trial.Journal of American Dental Association,vol. 139, pp. 138145. Palkovicova, L, Ursinyova, M, Masanova, V, Yu, Z, Hertz-Picciotto, I. (2008). Maternal amalgam dental fillings as the source of mercury exposure in developing fetus and newborn.Journal of Exposure Science Environmental Epidemiology, vol. 18, pp. 326331. Bates, M. (2004). Health effects of dental amalgam exposure: a retrospective cohort study.International Journal of Epidemiology, 33(4), pp.894-902. Ziskind, D., Venezia, E., Kreisman, I. and Mass, E. (2003). Amalgam type, adhesive system, and storage period as influencing factors on microleakage of amalgam restorations.The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry, 90(3), pp.255-260.

The Last Song by Skillet Essay Example For Students

The Last Song by Skillet Essay Ever since I was five, my biggest fear was being alone- not like being left alone with no one in the house, or driving home by myself. Im talking about the emotional part- the part where you dont have anyone to talk to, or anyone to be here for you. I struggled for a long time, with the life I was living, without any help and without anyone being here for me; even my parents didnt even support me. Like in the song The Last Night, ? they said that it was just a phase and I would get over it in a couple of years. We will write a custom essay on The Last Song by Skillet specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The lyrics in this song, the band, and the meaning behind how I found the song are all important in why I love this song so much. I will never forget this song, for the rest of my life, and how good it makes me feel. Skillet is the band that created the song The Last Night. ? The band started as a Christian rock band and they add Christian references into their songs, but eventually they just went to rock and left out the Christian part. Jen Ledger is the main drum player and she also does vocals. John Cooper is the lead singer, and Korey Cooper, his wife, is rhythm guitar and keyboard. Seth Morrison is the lead guitarist, and hes been with the band for almost the entire time the band has been together. The band started in Memphis, Tennessee in 1996. They have produced four albums since 1996. The band has been together for almost 18 years and it is amazing how long, and well, theyve worked together. I went more in depth with the lyrics, and as a result I became more aware of my feelings. Korey, the drummer, from the band said; Yeah, that song was primarily written to those who are cutters or, you know, suicidal, that whole deal. The first verse relates the story of a girl who comes to a guy with scars and he notices that they are there and he wants to help her. He doesnt want her to feel like this, because no one should have to feel this way. Throughout the song, John goes more into detail about that how he doesnt want her to feel so bad anymore, and the singer wants to keep the girl safe. The lyrics go on to say that the parents dont care, and they just think that shell get over it. This song, and the band, tries to tell others that people care, and that no one should ever have to feel like that. This song has been my favorite song for almost a year now. When I was twelve, I was diagnosed with clinical depression, and I used to feel so miserable all the time. When I met Shawn, he showed me this song; he wanted me to listen to it as if he were saying it to me. Whenever I was feeling gloomy that song could always make me feel better. It made me feel like there was hope. I havent felt bad in a long time, not like I used to anyway. This song makes me realize that my life could be worse, and no matter what. Even if you dont have someone there to help you, itll all be okay. I never really understood before that life is more than just a small thing. And being alone is something so small and minor, because you arent going to be alone forever. Ive learned now that you cant just give up, because no matter what, there is someone out there that is going to be there for you, someone who loves you. This band has produced a lot more music that I like, not just this one song. This band alone has gotten me through some rough times. Music always tends to help in tough times. How I found the song and the band are important, but not as important as the meaning behind the lyrics and how they make me feel.

Meaning, Origin, and Uses of Gringo

Meaning, Origin, and Uses of 'Gringo' So someone calls you a gringo or gringa. Should you feel insulted? It depends. Nearly always referring to foreigners in a Spanish-speaking country, gringo is one of those words whose precise meaning, and often its emotional quality, can vary with geography and context. Yes, it can be and often is an insult. But it can also be a term of affection or neutral. And the word has been used long enough outside of Spanish-speaking areas that it is listed in English dictionaries, spelled and pronounced essentially the same in both languages. Origin of Gringo The etymology or origin of the Spanish word is uncertain, although it is likely to have come from griego, the word for Greek. In Spanish, as in English, it has long been common to refer to an unintelligible language as Greek. (Think Its Greek to me or ​Habla en griego.) So over time, griegos apparent variant, gringo, came to refer to a foreign language and to foreigners in general. The first known written English use of the word was in 1849 by an explorer. One bit of folk etymology about gringo is that it originated in Mexico during the Mexican-American war because Americans would sing the song Green Grow the Lilies. As the word originated in Spain long before there was a Spanish-speaking Mexico, there is no truth to this urban legend. In fact, at one time, the word in Spain was often used to refer specifically to the Irish. And according to a 1787 dictionary, it often referred to someone who spoke Spanish poorly. Related Words In both English and Spanish, gringa is used to refer to a female (or, in Spanish, as a feminine adjective). In Spanish, the term Gringolandia is sometimes used to refer to the United States. Gringolandia can also refer to the tourist zones of some Spanish-speaking countries, especially those areas where many Americans congregate. Another related word is engringarse, to act like a gringo. Although the word appears in dictionaries, it doesnt appear to have much actual use. How the Meaning of Gringo Varies In English, the term gringo is often used to refer to an American or British person visiting Spain or Latin America. In Spanish-speaking countries, its use is more complex with its meaning, at least its emotional meaning, depending to a great extent on its context. Probably more often than not, gringo is a term of contempt used to refer to foreigners, especially Americans and sometimes the British. However, it can also be used with foreign friends as a term of affection. One translation sometimes given for the term is Yankee, a term that sometimes is neutral but also can be used contemptuously (as in Yankee, go home!). The dictionary of the Real Academia Espaà ±ola offers these definitions, which can vary according to the geography of where the word is used: Foreigner, especially one who speaks English, and in general one who speaks a language that isnt Spanish.As an adjective, to refer to a foreign language.A resident of the United States (definition used in Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Cuba, Ecuador, Honduras, Nicaragua, Paraguay, Peru, Uruguay, and Venezuela).Native of England (definition used in Uruguay).Native of Russia (definition used in Uruguay).A person with white skin and blond hair (definition used in Bolivia, Honduras, Nicaragua, and Peru).An unintelligible language.

Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 8

Research Paper Example University of Minnesota where the family lived for two years and then moved to the University of Southern California where the father for his PH D in 1974. Finally, they decided to settle in Fair Oaks California that was also the birth place of Sparks (Maryles, p12). Sparks did very well at elementary schools and then appeared to be a brilliant student at the high school as well. He also got the scholarship to the University of Notre Dame but things abruptly changed for him when he was injured and went a little insane. He returned home after his freshman year and started spending his days wandering here and there. His mother however, paid attention towards him and insisted that he should focus upon some activities rather doing nothing. She turned his attention towards book writing and after eight weeks he came up with his first novel The Passing that was unfortunately never published. His live took a beautiful turn when he met the girl of his dreams and fall in love at first sight when he saw Cathy in Florida during the spring break. He got married with the girl in 1981 and they became the parents of two children Miles Andrew and Ryan Cody. However, his working career was progressing very slowly. He wrote the second novel The Royal Murder in 1989 but even that was rejected by the publishers and then he decided to leave the writing and concentrate on some other work. He got involved is different part time jobs of his interest like telemarketing and real estate etc. He then started his own business and then became a pharmaceutical representative (Ragen, p81). Sparks was transferred to North Caroline is 1993 where he decided to focus upon his writing career once again and finally wrote his first published novel The Notebook. He wrote this novel over the time period of six month i.e. from June 1994 to January 1995 and it was published in October, 1995 by Warner Books. In 2003 the sequel of The Notebook was published with the name â€Å"The Wedding†. In 2004 a film

Unconditional and unconditional Convergence Coursework

Unconditional and unconditional Convergence - Coursework Example Unconditional and unconditional Convergence: Theorem: Every absolutely convergent series is unconditionally convergent. Conditional Convergence: A convergent series is said to be conditionally convergent if it is not unconditionally convergent. Thus such a series converges in the arrangement given, but either there is some rearrangement that diverges or else there is some rearrangement that has a different sum. Theorem: Every nonabsolutely convergent series is conditionally convergent. In fact, every nonabsolutely convergent series has a divergent rearrangement and can also be rearranged to sum to any preassigned value. The unordered sum of a sequence of real numbers, written as, ∑_iâ‚ ¬Nââ€"’ai has an apparent connection with the ordered sum ∑_(i=1)^∞ââ€"’ai The answer is both have same convergence. Theorem A necessary and sufficient condition for ∑_iâ‚ ¬Nââ€"’ai to converge is that the series ∑_(i=1)^∞ââ€"’ai is absolutely convergent and in this case ∑_(i=1)^∞ââ€"’ã€â€"ai=∑_(i∈â„ µ)ââ€"’aiã€â€"

Climate change debate - anthropogenic or natural Essay

Climate change debate - anthropogenic or natural - Essay Example As every person has its on view, there are people who think that climatic changes in this world are due to man made technologies and industries but on the other hand there is a school of thought that thinks that these climate changes are due to the natural processes and there is no intrusion of the human progress that has evolved the climate changes in this world. The objective of this dissertation is to prove what does drive climate to change it ways, is it the fast paced human progress or is it a natural course that is completing its cycle. Nomenclature H2O: Water; here mostly H2O is referred to water vapor. SO2: Sulfur Dioxide CO2: Carbon Dioxide H2S: Hydrogen Sulfide HCL: Hydrochloric Acid HF: Hydrofluoric Acid CFC : Chloro fluoro Carbons Introduction Climatic changes and how the weather is behaving nowadays do not seem to be an exception for the mankind, and the prime factor which has the guilty tag upon it is â€Å"nature†. When it is discussed that what are the anthropo genic factors which can contribute in climate change?, the first thing which emerges into mind is all this manmade development that has progressed with the advent of industries. If the process of pollution is not stopped it can alone be the reason to end this civilization. In case of natural causes mostly the biggest source is the constant warmth from the sun which is causing climate changes even before human civilization existed. Natural and anthropogenic climatic affects are important because in one way or the other both of them do contribute to the climatic changes our world is facing. But who takes the lion’s share has to be discussed. If the causes of the climatic change are not identified then this world would actually suffer to an indefinable extent. Bill Clinton proposed that â€Å"I worry about the Climate Change; it’s the only thing I believe has the power to fundamentally end the march of civilization as we know it† (Tabor 45). The only duty is not to just identify the cause but also to amend it, especially the factors which are in the human hands need to be eradicated at any cost. It is a common practice among people to mix global warming with climatic changes that taking place. But global warming just indicates the temperature changes, where as climatic change works upon temperature upheavals and other factors, for example alteration in earth’s energy etc (Burroughs 8). This dissertation would be helpful in understanding that how much naturally occurring effects can be a part of climatic consequences and how much is the human hand involved in producing these changes. Those changes can vary from the green house effect to volcanic eruptions, use of aerosols, earth quakes, depletion of ozone layer etc. Needs Statement The problem statement for this dissertation will be: â€Å"A study carried out to analyze the issue of climate change due to natural and anthrop

Strategic Hrm At Nestle Business Essay

Strategic Hrm At Nestle Business Essay Human resource management (HRM) is that part of management process which makes, enhances, manages and develops the human element of the enterprise measuring their resourcefulness in terms of talents, abilities, total skills, creative, knowledge, and potentialities for effectively contributing to the organizational objectives. Human resources are precious and a source of competitive advantage. Human resources may be tapped most effective by mutually standard policies which promote promise and foster an inclination in employees to act flexibly in the interests of the adaptive organizations pursuit of excellence. Human resource policies can be joined with planned business and used to reinforce appropriate culture. Human resources play a critical role in enabling the organization to effectively deal with the external environment challenges. The human resource management has been accepted as a strategic partner in the formulation of organizations strategies and in the implementation of such strategies through human resource planning, employment, training, appraisal and rewarding the personnel. Strategic management of human resources facilitates creation of competitive advantage for the organization over its rival by building unique human resource based competence. An organizations recruitment, selection, training, performance management process and compensation practices can have a strong influence on employee competence. The workforce will be more capable if a firm can successfully identify, attract, and select the most competent applicants. Performance appraisal takes in account the past performance of the employees and focuses on their improvement for the future performance of the employees through counseling, coaching or training. The human resource strategy of a business should reflect and support the corporate strategy. An effective human resource strategy includes the way in which the organization pans to develop its employees and provide them with suitable opportunities and better working conditions so that their optional contribution is ensured. This implies selecting the best available personnel, ensuring a fit between the employee and the job and retaining, empowering and motivating employees to perform well in the direction of corporate objectives. STATEMENT OF PURPOSE Consumer packaged goods (CPG) Organization, alternatively called as FMCG industry mainly deals with the production, marketing and selling of consumer packaged goods. The FMCG or Fast Moving Consumer Goods are those goods which are generally consumed at a regular interval by the consumers. FMCG industry has some of the main activities like financing, selling, purchasing, marketing etc. The industry also contributes or also involved in general management supply chain, operations and production. FMCG industry gives a variety of consumables and consequently the amount of money is very high which is circulated against FMCG products. Day by day the competition between the FMCG producers is increases which increasing the investment in FMCG industry is also increasing, specifically in India. Estimated to grow FMCG Sector in India is a very high rate by 2010. PRIME FMCG PRODUCTS Some general FMCG product categories include dairy products and food, drinks, coffee, tea, tobacco and cigarettes, glassware, paper products, pharmaceuticals, dry cells, electronics, prepacked food products, plastic goods, watches, greeting cards, soaps, printing and stationery, household products, detergents, photography, drinks etc. In FMCG industry some of the features which made this organization as a strong distribution networks, are small operational cost, as a prospective one, presence of renowned FMCG companies. Population growth is also one of the major factors behind the success of this industry. INTRODUCTION GOOD FOOD, GOOD LIFE NESTLE is a multinational packaged food company founded and headquartered in Vevey, Switzerland. Page Brothers established the Anglo-Swiss Milk Company for milk products in Cham, Switzerland in 1866 merger in 1905 with the Farine Lactà ©e Henri Nestlà © Company set up in 1867 by Henri Nestlà © to provide an infantfood product. Trademark of Nestlà ©s is birds in a nest, derived from Henri Nestlà ©s personal coat of arms, evoke the values upon which he founded his Company. No. of Nestlà ©s brands are globally renowned, which has made the company a global market leader in different product lines, including chocolate, confectionery, milk, pet food bottled water. FAMILY OF NESTLE Family of NESTLE consists of products related to: Milk Nutrition Beverages Prepared dishes cooking aids Chocolates confectioneries NESTLE is one of the well known FMCG company. In the Every part of the world, the Nestlà © name represents a commitment or promise to the customer or consumer that the product is of high standard and safe. NESTLE support the UNGC (United Nations Global Compacts). UNGC guiding principles on human rights, their aim and labour to offer an example of better labour practices and human rights all over his business activities. Our people played a major role for our success. We give the equal ant respect and dignity to each other and we expect from the every employee to share and contribute their opinions and views to improve Company personal development and results and also promote a sense of personal responsibility. We recruit motivated and competent people, who know and respect our values, provide equal opportunities for their advancement, development, protect their privacy and do not tolerate any form of discrimination or harassment. Human resources of an organization can provide it with a reasonable advantage over its competitors in the fast changing environment. This calls for the strategic management of human resources for the accomplishment of corporate objectives. STRATEGIC HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT is called as the linking of strategic goals with human resources. No. of objectives in order to enhance or develops an organizational culture, improve organization performance and that fosters flexibility, innovation, and sustainable competitive advantage is called. KEY FACTORS OF SHRM PROCESS The outcomes of the SHRM process which should be evaluated both qualitatively as well as quantitatively. The business strategy it alter and is altered by the SHRM process and which provide the business a good thought of direction. The external environment which is flexible and dynamic in the present global business scenario. The internal environment The general culture and the organizational context which is prevalent in the organization. VISUAL DEPICTION OF THE SHRM PROCESS STAGES OF STRATEGIC HRM PLANNING PROCESS Strategic human resource management is the process by which managers design the mechanisms of an HRM system to be reliable with each other, with the organizations plans and goals and with other essentials of organizational architecture. The main role of strategic HRM is the improvement of an HRM system that increases an organizations awareness, worth, invention, and productivity to customers. Strategic human resource planning (SHRP) involves four distinct stages: Situational analysis/environmental scanning. Estimating demand for human resources. Analyzing the supply of human resources. Developing action plans to close any gap between human resource demand and supply. The first stage of HR planning is the point at which strategic planning and HRM interact. HR planners anticipate sources of threats and identify and should drive the organizations strategic planning and opportunities with the help of Environmental scanning. The strategic ideas or plan implement to environmental circumstances, and HR planning is the mechanisms that an organization can use to accomplish this adaptation process. The second stage, forecasting demand, requires estimating not only how many but also what kinds of employees will be needed by the organization. The demand for employees should be closely tied to the strategic direction of the organization. Forecasting yields advance estimates of the organizations staffing requirements. This is a difficult task, especially for organizations in rapidly changing environments. Four forecasting techniques include expert estimates, trend projections, statistical modeling, and unit-demand forecasting. Estimate by no of expert, a group of experienced or expert provides the organization with demand estimates based on subjective assessments of available economic, intuition, prior experience, and labor force indicators. Trend projection involves forecasting which is based on a previous relationship between the employment and a factor related to employment (e.g. sales levels). Statistical modeling techniques (e.g. regression analysis or Markov analysis) are mor e quantitative forecasting and sophisticated techniques. Unit-demand forecasting requires the unit managers (e.g. department head, project team leader) to analyze the present and future job-by-job, people-by-people needs. The third phase involves studying the number and types of current employees in terms of the training and skills necessary for the future and also the supply of capable workers in the outside labor market. The skills inventory is a major tool used to assess the internal supply of employees. A skills inventory is a list of names, skills and characteristics of the people currently working for the organization. The list of skills coded into the skills inventory should be tailored to the needs for the organization, but might include such factors as level and field of education, knowledge of a foreign language, professional qualification or certification, or licenses held. The organized inventory provides a way to acquire these data and makes them available as needed in an efficient manner. Also important is the need to maintain the inventory so that information is kept current. With regard to the external labor market, the entire country (or world) may be the relevant labor market for hig hly skilled jobs. For unskilled jobs the relevant labor market is usually the local community. After the HR planning system has analyzed both the supply of and the demand for future workers, the two forecasts are compared to determine what, if any, actions are necessary. If a discrepancy exists between the two estimates, the organization needs to choose an appropriate course of action designed to eliminate the gap. The organization has a number of options available when the demand for workers is greater than the supply of workers. The organization might elect to use overtime work with current employees, increase training and promotions of current employees, or recruit new employees. In tight labor markets, the availability of labor is limited (i.e. demand exceeds supply), driving up the price of those employees who are hired, and limiting the extent to which the organization can be selective in its hiring procedures. In a loose labor market, qualified employees are abundant. When the supply of workers exceeds demand, alternative solutions include attrition, early retirements, demotions, layoffs, and terminations. STRATEGIC HRM AT NESTLE Nestlà © aims to increase the business, list of customers, profits and sales but, at the same time, to improve the Standard of living everywhere it is active and the quality of life for everyone. Nestlà © is also convinced that nestle employees is the strength of the Company and it is impossible to achieved without their energy and their commitment, which makes people its most important asset. Involvement of people and also showing their interest at all levels starts with the basic and appropriate information on the Companys activities and also on the specific aspects of their work. Through shared their views, ideas and communication and focused vision, everyone is invited to share and contribute there opinions and views to improvements enhancing Company personal development and results. HR PRACTICES RECRUITMENT: Recruitment is the process of developing and maintaining adequate manpower resources. Recruitment refers to the attempt of getting interested applicants and creating a pool of prospective employees so that the management can select the right person for the right job from this pool. The recruitment process at Nestle is clearly defined. People with qualities like dynamism, realism, loyalty, pragmatism, hard work, honesty and reliable. Match between candidates values companys culture. Recruitment for management levels takes place in the head office and all others at the branch level. The existing employees are promoted to higher posts as per the requirements. There are no lateral recruitments. Another source of recruitment is campus placements and human resource consultancies. People management policies, basic values principles elaborated in- Nestle management leadership principles- The Nestlà © Management and Leadership Principles describe the management style and the corporate values of the Nestlà © Group, specifically in the area of interpersonal relations. Nestle human resources policy- This policy encompasses those guidelines which constitute a sound basis for efficient and effective HR Management in the Nestlà © Group around the world. Nestle people development review- this policy throws light on Nestlà ©s culture and core values, different training programs and life of employees after work. PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT: Performance management includes all standard procedures used to appraise contributions, potentials and personalities of group members in a working organization. It is a process which is important for making accurate and impartial decisions on employees for secure information. At Nestle performance appraisals of Employees are done in order to understand each employees abilities, competencies and relative merit. Formal assessment by Line Managers and HR once a year with feedback. Subordinate can question an unfair evaluation. Specific Key Performance Indicators have been enlisted by the HR department. One of the important key performance indicators is achievement following the Nestle management and leadership principles. Remuneration structure and promotion criteria take into account individual. TRAINING: Training is a major and also an important part of organized activity for increasing the skills and knowledge of people and also to understand the deep knowledge of task that what they have to perform or for a definite purpose. It involves systematic procedures for imparting technical know-how to the employees so as to increase their knowledge and skills for doing specific jobs with proficiency. From the Company floor to the upper management, training at Nestlà © is continuous. Nestlà © people provide this training and it is constantly appropriate to the professional life. Nestle provides the following- Literacy training-to upgrade essential literacy skills, especially for workers who operate new equipment (Mission-directed Work Team Approach). Employees are also sent abroad to study markets, consumer tastes etc. Nestle Apprenticeship Programmes. Local Training Programmes-on issues ranging from technical, leadership, and communication and business economics. Employees are also sent abroad to study markets, consumer tastes etc. JOB DESIGN: Job design refers to the way the tasks are combines to form a complete job. Job design is a process which integrates work content ( tasks, functions, relationships), the reward ( extrinsic and intrinsic), and the qualifications required (skills, knowledge, abilities) for each job in a way that meet the needs of employees and the organization. The job design process under NESTLE is a very detailed and strategic process. Selection-Combination of written test, GD interview (Interviews for top Management posts). The company incorporates practices like Job Enrichment and Job Enlargement, to motivate employees and to break the monotony of their job tasks. The correspondent herself works in both sales and brand management departments, which is an example of job enlargement. PAY STRUCTURE: pay structure is generally the pay ranges and levels or hierarchy of job. We can also say it as a salary structure. It set out the different level of pay for different types of employees. It may mean the structure of the total wage of a worker or group of workers is composed; Nestle strives to offer fair remuneration. Remuneration level is above the average in industry. The variable component of the salary is comparatively big to reward individual Performance. In case of higher management level, the variable part is linked to individual team target achievements. REWARDS INCENTIVES: it consists of a variety of modules that can be presented to reward employees and identify unique performance. The structure is based on consistent, delivering equitable and fair rewards to a differentiated group and consists of the following non-financial and financial rewards. Passion to Win awards- These quarterly awards have been institutionalized to reward those who over-achieve their targets. Long-service Awards- To recognize employees who have been with the company for more than 30 years. Nestle Idea Award- It was found from the correspondent that the company institutes Nestle Idea Award every quarter to recognize and award employees who come up with relevant and innovative ideas which have the potential of being implemented at Nestle. 3.3.7 BENEFITS: Nestle offers a comprehensive and competitive benefits package designed to meet the varying needs of employees. These benefits are an integral part of total compensation package and provide employees and their families valuable protection during employment with Nestle. The following benefits are provided to all employees, with no discrimination- Leave-Personal Medical (fixed no. per year) Children Education Assistance Scheme Provident fund Retirement Gratuity Scheme Group Insurance Accidental Insurance Scheme Conveyance Reimbursements Residential Accommodation Monthly health check-ups free consultation for self family etc. 3.3.8 EMPLOYEE RELATIONS: Employee Relations involves the body of work concerned with maintaining employer-employee relationships that contribute to satisfactory productivity, motivation, and morale. Essentially, Employee Relations is concerned with preventing and resolving problems which arise out of or affect work situations. Nestle provides a very healthy working environment which is one of the reasons why Nestlà ©s employees state their commitment level to be very high. Employee turnover is less than 5%., which is considered to be very low for a Multinational Corporation. Nestle has a open culture upward communication especially in case of grievance redressal is encouraged. Work/Life balance is given importance, as illustrated in the Nestle Human Resource Policy document. Nestle Family annual events are organized by their HR department whereby employees along with their families are invited. Emphasis is laid on safety of employees (Nestle Policy on Health and Safety at Work). 3.3.9 CHANGE MANAGEMENT Nestle has adjusted to the ever-changing external environment for the last 140 years since its inception 1866 without losing its fundamental views and fundamental values. It manages Change and drives sustainable profitable growth by following the policy of making gradual changes instead of making drastic and risky changes. ERP implementation- In June 2000, Nestle SA signed a contract of $200 million with SAP with additional $80 million for maintenance and consulting to install an ERP system for its global enterprise to maintain centralize a multinational that subsidiaries in 80 countries and have owns 200 operating companies. While the ERP system was likely to have long-term benefits, the project touched the corporate structure and culture. The structure was decentralized, and it tried to centralize it. This was initially opposed by employees but with subsequent measures taken by the HR like training etc., this has been successfully implemented. 3.310 SAFETY HEALTH: Every employer is required to carry out a risk assessment for the workplace which should identify any hazards present in the workplace, assess the risks arising from such hazards and identify the steps to be taken to deal with any risks. The Nestle Operational Safety, Health and Risk-Management Strategy document illustrates that: Nestle is dedicated to safe healthy work environment. Regular safety assessments audits take place by internal external bodies. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS The Model employed by Nestle is one of High Performance, High involvement and high commitment. Nestle is unique in the sense that it has been able to successfully inculcate its business objective as well as its core values, consistently in its employees day-to-day activities starting from recruitment till continuous performance appraisals. Like, open and flexible culture is ensured by way of providing training programs to employees at all the levels. This kind of culture is also supported by decentralized structure of Nestle. Transparent performance appraisal systems and the freedom given to them to question their seniors benefit not only the employees but even the organization as a whole. Nestles emphasis on individual achievement is evident from the kind of pay structure HR has designed for its employees. Need to develop consultation/awareness program to assist the employees for their better understanding of the policies. More incentives should be offered to the employees who provide services to the organization for more than two years continuously. Nestlà ©, over its long historical development from a small village operation to the worlds leading food Company, has demonstrated an enviable capability to adjust to an ever changing external environment, without losing its fundamental beliefs and core values, so important for long-term success. Over the years to come, this capability of using HR as a strategic partner in implementation of companys activities will continue to be challenged even more as Nestlà © is growing in size and complexity up to a dimension which demands a continuous evolution of its organization and of the way in which it is run. Its motivation based on willingness to learn and to question what it is doing and why it is doing it, combined with its long standing respect for Nestlà © values, will assure its success.

Iago’s Use of Language and Villainous Behavior in Shakespeare’s Othello

Iago’s Use of Language and Villainous Behavior in Shakespeare’s Othello In Othello, Shakespeare forms the villainous character, Iago through his complex language. Iago shows his evil nature towards Roderigo through his use of demeaning animal imagery. Iago also uses an extended metaphor to try and trick the ignorant Roderigo and (unknowingly to Roderigo), insults him. Lastly, Iago uses repetition to beguile Roderigo to keep paying him. Iago’s slyness is clearly seen through his deceiving language towards the end of Act I. In Act I, scene iii, line 319, Iago addresses the issue of love and lust through an extended metaphor. In this speech, after Roderigo says he wants to kill himself, Iago tries to convince Roderigo not to end his life for a woman. By doing this, he manages to give the impression that he is advising Roderigo, while at the same time insulting him and making him and others part of his plan. Iago states, â€Å"Our bodies are our gardens, to the which our wills are gardeners† suggesting that our will (the â€Å"gardener†) has power over our bodies (â€Å"the garden†). Also...

Lego Structure

Structure is dependent on strategy. If an organization has vertical integration then they operate a functional structure, which gives efficiency through economies of scale. If an organization uses a diversification structure then there is a business unit structure which gives customer responsiveness. However, many firms have a hybrid structure; this type of structure balances efficiency and customer responsiveness. A company also can choose to outsource through a contract with another company for them to perform an activity along their value chain.Many companies choose to outsource work which is not vital to their core in order to take advantage of cheap labor, there is a trade-off between cost and quality. LOGO has a functional structure as it is split into sectors such as markets & products, global supply chain & community, education & direct. Under each of these functions are executives for each product and regional area, which proves for an effective centralized communication str ucture. Since its creation LOGO has been privately owned by the Kirk Christiansen family.The Corporate management of LOGO consists of the CEO, SCOFF amp; 4 executive Vice Presidents who each have their own business area. Previously, to develop stronger leaders with skills to take groups into new areas managers were moved around rapidly. After 6-12 months in one position, managers were rotated or replaced by someone who could do better. The reasoning for this was general leadership experience was considered more valuable than specialized direct experience with LOGO toys. Also during this period (1999 – 2004) senior management consolidated 25 country-level sales companies into 5 regional entities.In late 2003, LOGO was facing a dire situation and changes were required. Ploughman (CEO) and 4/14 person management team were asked to leave the company by the Christiansen family. 517 senior manufacturing executives were fired due to differing views on what direction LOGO needed to t ake to become successful again. New CEO, Inductors also decided to change the management team policies. LOGO has become focused on specializing their managers to make them the best they could possibly be.Managers have stayed in the same position for the last few years and are focused on upgrading their capabilities and becoming more strategic as they truly understand their roles and business areas. LOGO has been focused on having a family like atmosphere and an approachable CEO to encourage owner/CEO relations, strong alignment with their brand vision, celebrating loyal employees and a willingness to give your best. To create an environment for employees to thrive, LOGO had their management emphasize collaboration between different departments and create opportunities for people to meet other employees through inter-department meetings.In the early sass, many of the LOGO groups competitors outsourced their manufacturing to the Far East due to the cheaper costs. LOGO kept their manuf acturing processes in-house as their strategy is highly focused on quality to maintain their brand reputation upheld since 1932. The mentality of keeping expansions in-house was to protect the LOGO brand, and that only LOGO sufficiently knows their brand and the expression of it could therefore not be outsourced. LOGO later decided to outsource to Flatirons, an electronics manufacturing service Flatirons and move production back in-house as manufacturing is core to LOGO.Flatirons was too different from LOGO and their inventory accuracy fell, McCollum betimes shortened because of lower maintenance levels and in some cases purchasing costs rose instead of falling. LEO now mainly outsource where they lack the in-house capabilities like LOGO NOMINATORS electronics. Overall, LOGO has made appropriate changes to better match their structure to their strategy by having experienced managers in specialized roles with specific knowledge and experience of LOGO products. Their functional struct ure has allowed LOGO to continue with their efficiency required for their innovative build, differentiation strategy.

Cleanthes and Maximus essays

Cleanthes and Maximus essays The excerpt from David Humes, Dialogues on Natural Religion is structured as follows: Hume begins by stating an argument for the existence of God through the character of Cleanthes and then offers three criticisms of the argument through the character of Philo. The main argument that Cleanthes presents to Philo is as follows: (Premise) Nature is similarly structured therefore it works perfectly in tune like a machine or an invention. Working beyond human capabilities, therefore its creator must be one of high intelligence and infinite perfection. (Conclusion) Cleanthes concludes his argument with the claim that God exists. The first point that Philo makes of Cleanthes argument is that his premise is false. Philo says If we see a house or a ship or a machine, we conclude, with the greatest certainty that it had an architect or builder; because this precisely that species of effect, which we have experienced to proceed from that species of cause. Therefore the similarity is not entirely reliable. As it is stated in the following But wherever you depart, in the least, from the similarity of the cases, you diminish proportion ably the evidence; and may at last bring to it a very weak analogy, which is confessedly liable to error and uncertainty Now what Philo means by this is that every time something happens in nature we come to conclusions, without studying the similarities between cases, we eliminate evidence for these similarities to be a hundred percent reliable. For example, after having experienced the circulation of the blood in human creatures, we make no doubt that it takes place in Titius and Maevius: but from its circulation in frogs and fishes, it is only a presumption, though a strong one, from analogy, that it takes place in men and other animals. The analogical reasoning is much weaker, when we infer the circulation of the sap in vegetables from our experience ...

Anorexia Nervosa Signs, Effects and Therapies

Anorexia Nervosa Signs, Effects and Therapies Introduction Anorexia nervosa is a nutritional disorder depicted by excessive food constraint, unfounded phobia of weight gain and negative physical self-perception (Brown Isaacs, 2008). It involves extreme loss of weight and is more prevalent in females than in males. People with this disorder often limit their intake of food resulting in acute hormonal as well as metabolic maladies. Anorexia is particularly life-threatening for pregnant mothers and their unborn children.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Anorexia Nervosa: Signs, Effects and Therapies specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This paper looks at the signs of anorexia nervosa, its effects on pregnant mothers and delivery, as well as the nutritional therapies for patients suffering from anorexia. It also recommends healthcare professionals who should be incorporated in the treatment process. Signs of Anorexia Nervosa The indications of people suffering from ano rexia include constipation, laziness, fatigue, drowsiness, headaches, brittle nails, and dizziness (Abraham, 2008). It is also characterized by osteoporosis, which may bring about fractured bones. The most frequent causes of death in anorexia include electrolyte and body fluid disproportions, suicide and cardiac arrest. Many cases of anorexia are accompanied by psychiatric and physical disorders such as drug and substance abuse, neurological complications, anxiety, depression, cardiovascular complications, and obsessive behavior. Anorexia, Pregnancy and Childbirth Generally, pregnant women possess an inflated sensitivity to variations in the shapes of their bodies. For people suffering from anorexia, the elevation of the sensitivity can result in fatal actions such as starvation or purging (Ross, McMahon Bernstein 2013). Anorexia poses a risk to the pregnancy since the mother does not consume the required nutrients. A clear sign or anorexia in expectant mothers is failure to gain 2 5 to 35 pounds during pregnancy or acute hyperemesis. Most purging pregnant mothers hide their condition by attributing the vomiting to morning sickness. Dangers of Anorexia to Pregnancy and Delivery Anorexia causes difficulties during pregnancy and may necessitate delivery through cesarian section, breech delivery and the use of forceps. Nurses in the Labor and Delivery health department should identify the signs of anorexia early enough and should be prepared for any complications.Advertising Looking for essay on health medicine? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The mother’s eating disorder impedes the birth weight of the fetus. Anorexia during pregnancy may also lead to an infant with poor health (may show retarded growth and vitamin deficiency). Other dangers posed by anorexia in pregnant women include infant mortality, premature labor, gestational diabetes, stillbirth, respiratory complications, preeclamp sia, and miscarriages (Bothamley Boyle, 2009). Nutritional Therapies used in Treatment of Anorexia Nervosa Therapy for pregnant women with anorexia includes the restoration of the patients’ weight, handling the psychological issues linked with anorexia nervosa, getting rid of deliberations or actions that cause the disorder, and prevention of a relapse (Price, 2007). Nutritional supplements can be given to the patient besides a properly supervised diet. To do this effectively, nurses in the Labor and Delivery unit need to incorporate the services of other health professionals in psychotherapy and treatment. Health Care Professionals Recommended for the Treatment To deal with anorexia in pregnant women, the services of certified mental health care providers are required. Different procedures of group and individual psychotherapy are required to deal with the psychological causes of the disorder. Family members may also be incorporated into the therapy sessions since they cont ribute partially to the disorder. Physicians and assistant physicians should be contacted to ascertain the physical implications of the disorder on the mother and the fetus. Due to the essential nutritional demands of pregnancy and childbirth, the services of dietitians are significant as they can recommend alternative sources of nutrition to help the mother gain the required weight. Conclusion Though all people with anorexia need treatment, pregnant mothers are the most vulnerable due to the risks posed by such nutritional deficiency on the mother and child. Nurses in the labor and delivery units need to be trained on the proper way of diagnosing and handling anorexia patients to reduce cases of infant mortality. A combination of medical attention and accommodating psychotherapy is the most efficient form of treatment in anorexia nervosa. References Abraham, S. (2008). Eating disorders. New York: Oxford University Press. Bothamley, J. Boyle, M. (2009). Medical conditions affecting pregnancy and childbirth. United Kingdom: Radcliffe Publishing.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Anorexia Nervosa: Signs, Effects and Therapies specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Brown, J. Isaacs, J. (2008). Nutrition through the life cycle. Belmont, CA: Cengage Learning. Price, S. (2007). Mental health in pregnancy and childbirth. USA: Elsevier Health Sciences. Ross, D., McMahon, K., Bernstein, M. (2013). Discovering nutrition. Burlington, MA: Jones Bartlett Publishers.

Hamas Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Hamas - Essay Example There are many causes of this violence and brutality that is happening from the both sides but three of the most important reasons are discussed below: 3) Occupation of oil resources: the recent surge in the violence in the region is also directed at the notion that US is after the oil resources of the region and by occupying them, West will deprive the region , its rights on its own resources. I believe that the occupation of Palestine is the root cause of the violence in Middle East and in order to bring in peace to that region, West has to come up with a solution of recognizing the due rights of each party to the region and based on that decide to provide the right political as well as diplomatic support. Hamas is an Islamic militant and political group working in the Palestinian region. Founded in 1987 by Sheikh Yaseen Ahmed in Gaza, Hamas soon emerged as one of the most robust terrorist organizations in the region with Israel as its main target. Listed as terrorist organizations by many countries including Canada and US, Hamas is now considered as the leading political party in Palestine also after the failure of PLO and demise of Yasser Arafat. (Hajjar, 1993). It was also believed that the success of Hamas as political as well as terrorist organization largely depended on the failure of PLO and Yasser Arafat and that the Oslo agreement between Arafat and Israel, brokered by US, provided Hamas necessary political support in the region to flourish and strengthen its roots. (Kristianasen, 1999). It is also believed that Hamas, having an Islamic Brotherhood beginning, emerged as a new militant movement in the region colored with the Islamic hue and it was because of this that Hamas wa s able to won the elections. Hamas is an organization which seems to be combining the Islamic fundamentalism with the Palestinian Nationalism. With the basic aim of the destruction of Israel, Hamas is also intending to replace the PA with an

Restorative justice, Inmate forgiveness, and the Right to Privacy Assignment

Restorative justice, Inmate forgiveness, and the Right to Privacy - Assignment Example To this end, the paper addresses the concerns of the family and restates the benefits of meeting the inmate. Introduction Restorative justice is a type of justice whereby the parties who have stake in crime, victims, offenders and their families together with the community, collectively agree on how to deal with the consequences of crime and its future implications (The Sage Dictionary of Criminology, 2005). It is based on the view that crime is not only a transgression against laws but also hurt human social interactions. Therefore, the main aim of this form of justice is to heal the damaged interpersonal relationship caused by the wrongdoer’s actions. To this end, restorative justice takes it that both the victim and offenders families are affected by the crime. Consequently, their participation is crucial in conflict resolution and justice administration. Q1. The restorative justice principles are in line with biblical teachings about justice which focuses on repentance, fo rgiveness and reconciliation (Miller, 2008). As so, the process gives the offenders an opportunity to understand and assess the impacts of their actions. Therefore, this form of justice does not address the injustice with harm or punishment. Consequently, it is not retaliatory in nature and therefore, yields great social benefits to the community. Instead of taking an eye for eye approach, which is a moral issue, it focuses on community members’ integration. In doing so, this form of justice recognizes that nobody is beyond the point of correction. Therefore, no matter the crimes committed, an individual must actively respond to crimes. The process of restorative justice may take many forms; restitution is one of them. Restitution refers to the process of compensating victims for the losses suffered as a result of the offender’s actions. It is founded on the view that when a crime is committed, the wrongdoer benefits at the expense of the victim. Therefore, for justice to prevail, the offenders should give back what they took from the victims as a whole or in part depending on the agreements reached. This is form of justice is also found in biblical teachings. There are texts in the scriptures that refer to the distribution of wealth in exchange for salvation for those who had unfairly accumulated riches. By practicing restitution, justice is given meaning through active involvement. For, there is no justice done when victims still feel that they have been denied their rightful entitlement. Q2. The application of restorative justice concept in criminal justice system has raised serious ethical issues. By its nature, the concept adopts reconciliation and compensation as possible methods of administering justice. Under, reconciliation a victim may accept to forgive the offender after face to face deliberations. However, the issue of whether or not the forgiveness is for greater social good is remains contentious. According to utilitarian theory, ac tions moral worthiness is gauged by the beneficial outcomes of such actions (Pollock, 2012). Consequently, based on this theory, some crime are not worth forgives because of their magnitude of harm. This includes crime against humanity such as genocide and terrorism which results into many deaths. Besides, besides, in as